Zara-class cruiser

Zara before the war
Class overview
Name	Zara class
Operators	Regia Marina
Preceded by	Trento class
Succeeded by	Bolzano
Built	1929–1932
In commission	1931–1944
Completed	4
Lost	4
General characteristics
Type	Heavy cruiser
Displacement	Standard: 11,326 to 11,712 long tons (11,508 to 11,900 t) Full load: 13,944 to 14,330 long tons (14,168 to 14,560 t)
Length	179.6 m (589 ft 3 in) lwl 182.8 m (599 ft 9 in) loa
Beam	20.62 m (67 ft 8 in)
Draft	7.2 m (23 ft 7 in)
Installed power	8 × Thornycroft boilers 95,000 shp (71,000 kW)
Propulsion	2 × steam turbines 2 × screw propellers
Speed	32 knots (37 mph; 59 km/h)
Complement	841
Armament	8 × 203 mm (8 in) / 53 caliber guns 16 × 100 mm (3.9 in) / 47 caliber guns 4 × 40 mm (1.6 in) / 39 caliber anti-aircraft guns (early) 8 × 37 mm (1.5 in) / 54 caliber anti-aircraft guns (late) 14 × 20 mm (0.79 in) / 65 caliber anti-aircraft guns (Gorizia only) 8 × 13.2 mm (0.52 in) machine guns
Armor	Deck: 70 mm (2.8 in) Belt: 150 mm (5.9 in) Turret faces: 150 mm Barbettes: 150 mm Conning tower: 150 mm
Aircraft carried	2 × seaplanes

The Zara class was a group of four heavy cruisers built for the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy) in the late 1920s and the early 1930s. The class comprised the vessels Zara, Fiume, Gorizia, and Pola, the last of which was completed to a slightly different design. The ships were a substantial improvement over the preceding Trento-class cruisers, incorporating significantly heavier armor protection at the cost of the very high speed of the Trentos. They carried the same main battery of eight 203 mm (8.0 in) guns and had a maximum speed of 32 knots (59 km/h; 37 mph). Among the best-protected heavy cruisers built by any navy in the 1930s, the heavy armor was acquired only by violating the terms of the Washington Naval Treaty, which limited cruiser displacement to 10,000 long tons (10,160 t).

All four ships served with the main fleet in the interwar period, where they were primarily occupied with training exercises and fleet reviews. During the Spanish Civil War, Gorizia evacuated Italian nationals and Pola took part in non-intervention patrols. All four ships supported the Italian invasion of Albania in April 1939, shortly before the outbreak of World War II. After Italy joined the wider conflict in 1940, the four ships saw extensive action in the Mediterranean Sea against British forces. The ships took part in the battles of Calabria and Cape Matapan, and in the latter engagement, Zara, Pola, and Fiume were all sunk in a one-sided night action with three British battleships.

Gorizia continued in service, seeing further action at the First and Second Battles of Sirte. She was seriously damaged by American heavy bombers in April 1943 and towed to La Spezia, where she was still under repair when Italy surrendered in September. Germany seized the ship when they occupied the port, and Italian commandos unsuccessfully attempted to sink her in June 1944. In poor condition by the end of the war, the postwar Italian Navy decided to sell the ship for scrap in 1947.